Tracheostomy guidelines developed at a large academic medical center during the COVID-19 pandemic

Head Neck. 2020 Jun;42(6):1291-1296. doi: 10.1002/hed.26191. Epub 2020 Apr 27.

Abstract

Background: During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, tracheostomy may be required for COVID-19 patients requiring long-term ventilation in addition to other conditions such as airway compromise from head and neck cancer. As an aerosol-generating procedure, tracheostomy increases the exposure of health care workers to COVID-19 infection. Performing surgical tracheostomy and tracheostomy care requires a strategy that mitigates these risks and maintains the quality of patient care.

Methods: This study is a multidisciplinary review of institutional tracheostomy guidelines and clinical pathways. Modifications to support clinical decision making in the context of COVID-19 were derived by consensus and available evidence.

Results: Modified guidelines for all phases of tracheostomy care at an academic tertiary care center in the setting of COVID-19 are presented.

Discussion: During the various phases of the COVID-19 pandemic, clinicians must carefully consider the indications, procedural precautions, and postoperative care for tracheostomies. We present guidelines to mitigate risk to health care workers while preserving the quality of care.

Keywords: COVID-19; coronavirus; personal protective equipment (PPE); tracheostomy; tracheotomy.

MeSH terms

  • Academic Medical Centers
  • Betacoronavirus*
  • COVID-19
  • Coronavirus Infections / prevention & control*
  • Coronavirus Infections / transmission*
  • Humans
  • Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional / prevention & control*
  • Pandemics / prevention & control*
  • Personal Protective Equipment
  • Pneumonia, Viral / prevention & control*
  • Pneumonia, Viral / transmission*
  • Practice Guidelines as Topic
  • SARS-CoV-2
  • Tracheostomy*