Vertical Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from COVID-19 Infected Pregnant Women: A Review on Intrauterine Transmission

Fetal Pediatr Pathol. 2021 Feb;40(1):80-92. doi: 10.1080/15513815.2020.1865491. Epub 2020 Dec 27.

Abstract

Background: Fetal safety is a major concern with the global spread of COVID-19, but there is scarce information regarding vertical transmission and how it affects the fetus.

Objective: To assess and summarize the currently available evidence on vertical transmission (probable/confirmed) of SARS-CoV-2 along with fetal outcomes.

Methods: The current review was carried out from March to October 2020. Relevant databases were searched electronically. Pertinent articles were selected according to eligibility criteria and information was compiled.

Results: In 16 selected articles there were total 498 COVID-19 infected pregnant women ranging in age between 15 and 45 years. Gestational age at the onset of COVID-19 symptoms ranged from 25-41 weeks. Vertical transmission (probable and confirmed) rate from series was 4.883% (23/471). Of 17 affected newborns (information available), 08 required NICU admission, 04 developed pneumonia and 04 required mechanical ventilation.

Conclusion: There is probable intrauterine transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Few adverse fetal outcomes are associated with COVID-19.

Keywords: COVID-19; Fetal outcomes; vertical transmission.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • COVID-19 / transmission*
  • Female
  • Gestational Age
  • Humans
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Middle Aged
  • Pregnancy
  • Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / virology*
  • Pregnancy Outcome
  • Young Adult