Patients with established coronary artery disease remain at elevated risk of major adverse cardiac events. The goal of this study was to evaluate the utility of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1-positive platelet-derived extracellular vesicles as a biomarker for major adverse cardiac events and to explore potential underlying mechanisms. Our study suggests these extracellular vesicles as a potential biomarker to identify and a therapeutic target to ameliorate neointimal formation of high-risk patients.
Keywords: CAD, coronary artery disease; CMFDA, 5-chloromethylfluorescein diacetate; DAPT, dual antiplatelet therapy; DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide; EV, extracellular vesicle; LRP1, low-density lipoprotein–related receptor-1; MACE, major adverse cardiac events; PAI, plasminogen activator inhibitor; PAI-1+ PEV, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1–positive platelet-derived extracellular vesicle; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; PEV, platelet-derived extracellular vesicle; T-TAS, Total Thrombus-formation Analysis System; VSMC, vascular smooth muscle cells; biomarkers; extracellular vesicles; in-stent restenosis; percutaneous coronary intervention; plasminogen activator inhibitor-1; stent thrombosis.
© 2022 The Authors.