Diagnostic scales for the post-thrombotic syndrome

Hilde Skuterud Wik; Tone R Enden; Waleed Ghanima; Marit Engeseth; Susan R Kahn; Per Morten Sandset

doi:10.1016/j.thromres.2017.10.022

Diagnostic scales for the post-thrombotic syndrome

Thromb Res. 2018 Apr:164:110-115. doi: 10.1016/j.thromres.2017.10.022. Epub 2017 Oct 28.

Authors

Hilde Skuterud Wik¹, Tone R Enden², Waleed Ghanima³, Marit Engeseth⁴, Susan R Kahn⁵, Per Morten Sandset⁶

Affiliations

¹ Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, B.O.X. 4950, Nydalen, N-0424 Oslo, Norway. Electronic address: hilde.skuterud.wik@vikenfiber.no.
² Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, B.O.X. 4950, Nydalen, N-0424 Oslo, Norway.
³ Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, B.O.X. 4950, Nydalen, N-0424 Oslo, Norway; University of Oslo, Institute of Clinical Medicine, B.O.X. 1171, Blindern, N-0318 Oslo, Norway; Østfold Hospital Trust, Department of Medicine, Kalnesveien 300, N-1714 Grålum, Norway.
⁴ Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, B.O.X. 4950, Nydalen, N-0424 Oslo, Norway.
⁵ Center for Clinical Epidemiology, Jewish General Hospital, 3755 Cote Ste Catherine Rm H-420, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1E2, Canada.
⁶ Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, B.O.X. 4950, Nydalen, N-0424 Oslo, Norway; University of Oslo, Institute of Clinical Medicine, B.O.X. 1171, Blindern, N-0318 Oslo, Norway.

PMID: 29126608
DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2017.10.022

Abstract

Post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) is the most common long-term complication after deep vein thrombosis (DVT) developing in up to 70% of the patients. PTS is diagnosed on the basis of typical symptoms and signs of the lower limb with a previous DVT, but no objective diagnostic test exists. A number of diagnostic scales have been developed primarily for research purposes. An optimal diagnostic test for PTS should be reliable and easy to use, sensitive and specific, able to grade PTS severity, and to identify changes over time. We have identified reports on seven diagnostic scales that have been used for the diagnosis of PTS; the Widmer classification, the Clinical-Etiological-Anatomical-Pathological (CEAP) classification, the Venous Clinical Severity Score (VCSS), the Brandjes scale, the Ginsberg measure, the Villalta scale, and the Patient-reported Villalta scale. The aim of this paper was to review and present the existing diagnostic scales for PTS in adults and their utility in clinical studies.

Keywords: Deep vein thrombosis; Diagnosis; Lower limb; Post-thrombotic syndrome.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Female
Humans
Male
Postthrombotic Syndrome / diagnosis*
Postthrombotic Syndrome / pathology
Venous Thrombosis / diagnosis*
Venous Thrombosis / pathology