1 Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. Electronic address: sfernando@qmed.ca.
2 Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
3 Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medicine, Sinai Health System and University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
4 Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
5 Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada; School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
6 Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA; Center for Acute Respiratory Failure, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA.