Monitoring daily shoulder activity before and after reverse total shoulder arthroplasty using inertial measurement units

Madeleine L Van de Kleut; Riley A Bloomfield; Matthew G Teeter; George S Athwal

doi:10.1016/j.jse.2020.07.034

Monitoring daily shoulder activity before and after reverse total shoulder arthroplasty using inertial measurement units

J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2021 May;30(5):1078-1087. doi: 10.1016/j.jse.2020.07.034. Epub 2020 Aug 6.

Authors

Madeleine L Van de Kleut¹, Riley A Bloomfield², Matthew G Teeter³, George S Athwal⁴

Affiliations

¹ Imaging Research Laboratories, Robarts Research Institute, London, ON, Canada; School of Biomedical Engineering, Western University, London, ON, Canada; Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada.
² Imaging Research Laboratories, Robarts Research Institute, London, ON, Canada; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
³ Imaging Research Laboratories, Robarts Research Institute, London, ON, Canada; Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada; Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
⁴ Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada; Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada. Electronic address: gathwal@uwo.ca.

Abstract

Background: The purpose of this study was to use at-home, portable, continuous monitoring technologies to record arm motion and activity preoperatively and postoperatively after reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA).

Methods: Thirty-three patients indicated for RTSA were monitored preoperatively and 3 and 12 months postoperatively. Inertial measurement units were placed on the sternum and upper arm of the operative limb, recording humeral motion relative to the torso for the duration of a waking day. Elevation events per hour (EE/h) > 90°, time spent at >90°, and activity intensity were calculated and compared between time points. Patient-reported outcome measures were also collected at all time points.

Results: At 3 (P = .040) and 12 (P = .010) months after RTSA, patients demonstrated a significantly greater number of EE/h > 90° compared with preoperatively. There were no significant differences (P ≥ .242) in the amount of time spent at different elevation angles at any time point or in arm activity intensity. Overall, 95% of the day was spent at elevation angles < 60°, and 90% of the day was spent in a low- or moderate-intensity state. Pearson correlations demonstrated relationships between forward elevation and the number of EE/h (r = 0.395, P = .001) and the number of EE/h > 90° (r = 0.493, P < .001).

Conclusion: After RTSA, patients significantly increase the frequency of arm elevation to higher angles. However, we found no differences in the amount of time spent at different elevation angles. Overall, after RTSA, >95% of the day was spent at elevation angles < 60° and <1% of the day was spent at >90° of elevation.

Keywords: Reverse shoulder arthroplasty; clinical outcomes; cuff tear arthropathy; inertial measurement unit; motion tracking; shoulder arthritis; upper extremity; wearable sensors.

MeSH terms

Arthroplasty, Replacement, Shoulder*
Humans
Range of Motion, Articular
Shoulder
Shoulder Joint* / surgery
Treatment Outcome