The role of informal support systems during illness: A qualitative study of solo self-employed workers in Ontario, Canada

PLoS One. 2024 Mar 13;19(3):e0297770. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297770. eCollection 2024.

Abstract

Today's labor market has changed over time, shifting from mostly full-time, secure, and standard employment relationships to mostly entrepreneurial and precarious working arrangements. In this context, self-employment (SE), a prominent type of precarious work, has been growing rapidly due to globalization, automation, technological advances, and the rise of the 'gig' economy, among other factors. Employment precarity profoundly impacts workers' health and well-being by undermining the comprehensiveness of social security systems, including occupational health and safety systems. This study examined how self-employed (SE'd) workers sought out support from informal support systems following illness, injury, and income reduction or loss. Based on in-depth interviews with 24 solo SE'd people in Ontario, Canada, narrative analysis was conducted of participants' experiences with available informal supports following illness or injury. We identified three main ways that SE'd workers managed to sustain their businesses during periods of need: (i) by relying on savings; (ii) accessing loans and financial support through social networks, and (iii) receiving emotional and practical support. We conclude that SE'd workers managed to survive despite social security system coverage gaps by drawing on informal support systems.

MeSH terms

  • Employment* / psychology
  • Humans
  • Income
  • Occupations*
  • Ontario
  • Qualitative Research

Grants and funding

This research was funded by the SSHRC (Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council)CIHR (Canadian Institutes of Health Research) Productive Workforce Partnership Grant (# 895-2018-4009 and #159064). EM: received the grants websites: https://cihr-irsc.gc.ca/e/193.htmlhttps://www.sshrc-crsh.gc.ca/home-accueil-eng.aspx The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.