A multiband SSr diode RF rectifier with an improved frequency ratio for biomedical wireless applications

Surajo Muhammad; Mohamed Ibrahim Waly; Nasser Ali AlJarallah; Ridha Ghayoula; Ahmed S Negm; Amor Smida; Amjad Iqbal; Jun Jiat Tiang; Mardeni Roslee

doi:10.1038/s41598-023-40486-x

A multiband SSr diode RF rectifier with an improved frequency ratio for biomedical wireless applications

Sci Rep. 2023 Aug 15;13(1):13246. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-40486-x.

Authors

Surajo Muhammad^{1

2}, Mohamed Ibrahim Waly^{3

4}, Nasser Ali AlJarallah^{5

6}, Ridha Ghayoula^{7

8}, Ahmed S Negm⁹, Amor Smida^{10

8}, Amjad Iqbal^{11

12}, Jun Jiat Tiang¹, Mardeni Roslee¹

Affiliations

¹ Faculty of Engineering, Centre For Wireless Technology (CWT), Multimedia University, Cyberjaya, 63100, Malaysia.
² Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, 810211, Nigeria.
³ Department of Medical Equipment Technology, College of Applied Medical Science, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, 11952, Saudi Arabia. m.waly@mu.edu.sa.
⁴ Department of Biomedical Engineering and System (formerly) Higher Institute of Engineering-El Shorouk Academy, Cairo Governorate, Egypt. m.waly@mu.edu.sa.
⁵ Department of Business Administration, Majmaah University, 11952, Majmaah, Saudi Arabia.
⁶ AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
⁷ Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, G1V0A6, Canada.
⁸ Microwave Electronics Research Laboratory, Faculty of Mathematical, Physical and Natural Sciences of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, 2092, Tunisia.
⁹ Consultant, Saudi Consolidated Engineering Company Healthcare Technology Management Administration, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
¹⁰ Department of Medical Equipment Technology, College of Applied Medical Science, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, 11952, Saudi Arabia.
¹¹ Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Montréal, QC, H5A1K6, Canada. aiqbal@ieee.org.
¹² Department of Network and Communications Engineering, Al Ain University, 64141, Al Ain, UAE. aiqbal@ieee.org.

Abstract

This paper described a four-band implantable RF rectifier with simplified circuit complexity. Each RF-rectifier cell is sequentially matched to the four operational frequencies to accomplish the proposed design. The proposed RF rectifier can harvest RF signals at 1.830, 2.100, and white space Wi-Fi bands between 2.38 to 2.68 GHz, respectively. At 2.100 GHz, the proposed RF harvester achieved a maximum (radio frequency direct current) RF-to-DC power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 73.00% and an output DC voltage [Formula: see text] of 1.61 V for an RF power of 2 dBm. The outdoor performance of the rectenna shows a [Formula: see text] of 0.440 V and drives a low-power bq25504-674 evaluation module (EVM) at 1.362 V. The dimension of the RF-rectifier on the FR-4 PCB board is 0.27[Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] 0.29[Formula: see text]. The RF-rectifier demonstrates the capacity to effectively utilize the frequency domain by employing multi-band operation and exhibiting a good impedance bandwidth through a sequential matching technique. Thus, by effectively controlling the rectenna's ambient performance, the proposed design holds the potential for powering a range of low-power biomedical implantable devices. (BIDs).