Abstract
This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of Livestock-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) in retail chicken meat and broiler chickens from the Province of Quebec, Canada, and to characterize LA-MRSA isolates. A total of 309 chicken drumsticks and thighs were randomly selected in 2013 from 43 retail stores in the Monteregie. In addition, nasal swabs and caeca samples were collected in 2013-2014 from 200 broiler chickens of 38 different flocks. LA-MRSA was not detected in broiler chickens. Fifteen LA-MRSA isolates were recovered from four (1.3%) of the 309 chicken meat samples. Multi-Locus Sequence Typing (MLST) and SCCmec typing revealed two profiles (ST398-MRSA-V and ST8-MRSA-IVa), which were distinct using pulse-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and microarray (antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes) analyses. In addition to beta-lactam resistance, tetracycline and spectinomycin resistance was detected in all isolates from the 3 positive samples of the ST398 profile. Southern blot hybridization revealed that the resistance genes aad(D) and lnu(A), encoding resistances to aminoglycosides and lincosamides respectively, were located on plasmid. All isolates were able to produce biofilms, but biofilm production was not correlated with hld gene expression. Our results show the presence of two separate lineages of MRSA in retail chicken meat in Quebec, one of which is likely of human origin.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Aminoglycosides / adverse effects
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Aminoglycosides / therapeutic use
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Animals
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Anti-Bacterial Agents / adverse effects
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Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use*
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Bacterial Typing Techniques
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Biofilms
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Blotting, Southern
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Chickens
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Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial / genetics
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Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field
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Food Microbiology
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Lincosamides / adverse effects
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Lincosamides / therapeutic use
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Methicillin / adverse effects
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Methicillin / therapeutic use*
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Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / genetics*
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Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / isolation & purification*
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Microbial Sensitivity Tests
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Multilocus Sequence Typing
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Poultry Products / microbiology*
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Prevalence
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Quebec / epidemiology
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Staphylococcal Infections / drug therapy*
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Staphylococcal Infections / epidemiology*
Substances
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Aminoglycosides
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Anti-Bacterial Agents
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Lincosamides
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Methicillin
Grants and funding
The work was financially supported in part by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada (M. Archambault, RGPIN-191461; F. Malouin RGPIN-89758-2010; and M. Jacques (RGPIN-2016-04203). M. Archambault and F. Malouin were supported by the Programme de Soutien à l’Innovation (PSI) of the Ministère de l’Agriculture et des Pêcheries et de l’Alimentation du Québec (MAPAQ). This research was also funded in part by a NSERC discovery grant (No. 2015-05916) to F. Malouin. The ‘Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie Porcine et Aviaire’ (CRIPA) (FQRNT Regroupements stratégiques 111946) grant is also gratefully acknowledged. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.